Definition of Law of Beneficence The Law of Beneficence is a rule we follow that says we should try to do good things for other people. Imagine it like a silent promise to help make someone else’s life better, even if we don’t get anything back from it. For example, if someone is very sick, this law tells doctors to do everything they can to make that person well, because it’s th... »
Definition of the Law of Non-Maleficence Imagine you have a rule: “Don’t hurt others.” That’s basically the Law of Non-Maleficence, which tells us not to cause harm. It’s like a guide for doctors, nurses, and anyone who takes care of people. They use this rule to make sure they don’t make things worse for the people they’re helping. The idea is really clea... »
Definition Imagine you have a rulebook that tells you how to understand and work with shapes and spaces that surround us. That’s what Euclidean geometry is like—it’s all about the rules, or axioms, of how points, lines, and shapes behave. Now, if someone says, “What are those rules?”, you might think of Euclid, a smart Greek guy who lived a long time ago. He came up with so... »
Definition of Axioms of Set Theory The axioms of set theory are the most basic principles in the world of mathematics. Like the deepest roots of a tree, they are unseen but vital for the health of the tree. In the same way, the axioms are necessary for all of mathematics to stand strong and grow. Think about when you play a game. You need rules, right? That’s what axioms are — unshakeable ru... »
Understanding the Axiom of Foundation The Axiom of Foundation, which you might also hear being called the Axiom of Regularity, is like a basic rule in a special kind of math called Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory, or ZF for short. This rule helps us figure out what sets (which are basically collections of things) can look like. Here’s one way to understand it: Imagine you have a bunch of boxes. Each b... »
Definition of Axioms of Probability Imagine you’re playing a new board game, and you’re trying to understand the rules so you know how to play. In math, especially in the part that deals with probability, we have something similar to those game rules called “axioms.” An axiom is simply a basic idea or rule that we believe is true without needing to prove it. These axioms form a system ... »
Definition of Axiom of Choice The Axiom of Choice (AC) sounds like a fancy math thing, but it’s really just about making choices. Imagine you have a huge collection of boxes. Each box has some marbles inside, and no box is empty. The AC says that you can pick one marble from each box, even if you have an endless number of boxes and no way to tell which marble to pick from each one. In other ... »
Definition The Law of Cause and Effect is like a rule of the universe that says every event that happens is the result of a specific cause. Imagine you have a row of dominoes; if you knock the first one over (cause), the rest will fall down in sequence (effect). This rule helps us figure out why things happen and what could happen next. Here’s another way to think about it: The Law of Cause and Ef... »
Definition of Law of Sufficient Reason The Law of Sufficient Reason is a principle in philosophy that tells us everything has to have a reason or cause. This idea is like saying everything that happens has an explanation, kind of like a detective finding clues to solve a mystery. When we say “sufficient reason,” we’re talking about a good enough explanation for why something is t... »
Definition The Law of the Excluded Middle is a basic concept in logic that tells us something pretty straightforward: any claim about the world is either completely true or completely false. Let’s say there’s a statement like “The moon is made of cheese.” According to this law, that statement is either totally true (which it isn’t) or totally false (which it is) – the... »