Philosopher
Francis Bacon
Intro Sir Francis Bacon marked the turning point in European intellectual history where natural philosophy gave way to natural science.…
Ibn Sina
Intro If there is only one God, and the world is God’s creation, then the world must reflect God’s unity:…
Archimedes
Intro Archimedes was a Greek polymath: a major innovator in mathematics, geometry, physics, and engineering. He formulated the principle of…
St. Thomas Aquinas
I. Intro Historians have often pointed out that European intellectual culture has two origin stories: one sees Christianity as the…
Amos Bronson Alcott
Intro A. Bronson Alcott was a teacher, social reformer a mentor to Transcendentalism’s movement’s leading figures: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry…
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
I. Intro Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz was the definition of a polymath. He was a prolific thinker whose ideas covered…
Plato
I. Introduction For 2,400 years, Plato’s writings have been interpreted, re-interpreted, debated, and taught as the foundational issues and methods…
René Descartes
I. Intro René Descartes was the first modern rationalist, and one of the greatest practitioners of that school of thought.…
Immanuel Kant
I. Intro Immanuel Kant was one of history’s most important philosophers, a broad-minded thinker who reconciled divergent strains of thought…
Aristotle
I. Intro Aristotle may have been the most influential scientist and philosopher in the western world before Isaac Newton --…